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The learner will be able to define water hardness
and the effects it has on various water needs.
The learner will be able to design a water
treatment procedure to counteract the effects of hard water.
The learner will be able to follow test procedures
for commercial water hardness testing kits.
The learner will be able to discuss ion-exchange
in water.
The learner will be able to examine the processes
of the nitrogen cycle.
The learner will be able to identify the source
for most chemical nitrogen fertilizers.
The learner will be able to relate the
agricultural use of nitrogen fertilizer to the potential for groundwater
contamination.
The learner will be able to identify best
management practices for increasing nitrogen efficiency and maximizing
economic yields while reducing environmental risks.
The learner will be able to define raindrop
erosion.
The learner will be able to identify the factors
affecting raindrop erosion.
The learner will be able to quantify the effect of
raindrop impact on soil movement.
The learner will be able to quantify the
relationship between slope and velocity.
The learner will be able to describe the impact of
roughness (friction) on velocity.
The learner will be able to make design decisions
relative to slope and roughness to control water velocities in surface
drains.
The learner will be able to describe the concept
of soil texture and its importance.
The learner will be able to identify the classes
of soil separates.
The learner will be able to use a soil textural
triangle to identify fine, medium, and coarse textured soils.
The learner will be able to identify the texture
of a sample of soil.
The learner will be able to explain why it is
difficult to change the soil texture.
The learner will be able to describe the concept
and importance of soil density.
The learner will be able to determine soil
density.
The learner will be able to explain how to alter
soil density.
The learner will be able to describe the effect of
soil density on erosion, water holding capacity and flooding.
The learner will be able to define water holding
capacity and gravitational water.
The learner will be able to explain how water
holding capacity and permeability is affected by soil type.
The learner will be able to define permeability.
The learner will be able to describe the effects
of soil type on permeability.
The learner will be able to evaluate the drainability of soils.
The learner will be able to define the forces that
act on soil water.
The learner will be able to discuss how water
moves through the soil.
The learner will be able to measure the flow of
water through different soil textures.
The learner will be able to define infiltration,
application rate, and wetted pattern.
The learner will be able to describe the relationships
between soil texture, infiltration rates, and wetted pattern.
The learner will be able to analyze a specific
site for inputs into design and management of a microirrigation
system.
The learner will be able to define fertile soil.
The learner will be able to identify the essential
nutrients for plant growth.
The learner will be able to distinguish between
micronutrients and macronutrients.
The learner will be able to explain how nutrients
are exchanged in the soil.
The learner will be able to collect soil for
testing.
The learner will be able to conduct a soil test.
The learner will be able to define pH and discuss
its role in plant nutrition.
The learner will be able to explain how soils
become acidic.
The learner will be able to explain how soil pH is
measured.
The learner will be able to explain why lime is
applied to acid soils.
The learner will be able to discuss the
effectiveness of lime on acidic soils.
The learner will be able to explain the different
nozzles and how they work.
The learner will be able to describe the parts of
a nozzle.
The learner will be able to define drift and
factors affecting drift.
The learner will be able to determine the effect
of pressure on flow rate through a spray nozzle.
The learner will be able to calculate nozzle sizes
that will receive desired flow rates.
The learner will be able to explain precision
farming.
The learner will be able to describe how
satellites can be used to determine the position of objects on earth.
The learner will be able to describe how GPS
satellites are used to navigate variable rate applications of agricultural
inputs.
The learner will be able to explain a Geographic
Information System (GIS).
The learner will be able to describe what types of
data are included in a GIS.
The learner will be able to explain what is meant
by the term “Psychrometry”.
The learner will be able to explain the seven
physical and thermal properties of air.
The learner will be able to explain the use of the
psychrometric chart.
The learner will be able to use a psychrometric chart to find, for a given air-vapor
mixture, the following: the absolute humidity and the relative humidity.
The learner will be able to show how the psychrometric chart is used to determine: dew point
temperature, enthalpy, specific volume.
The learner will be able to describe the
relationships between air, water, vapor and temperature.
The learner will be able to describe cooling
effects through the use of water or evaporation.
The learner will be able to discuss how psychrometric properties can be used to create and
manage microenvironments.
The learner will be able to describe how sand and
water are related, in terms of weight and volume.
The learner will be able to define bulking of
sand.
The learner will be able to explain cause and
effect of bulking of sand and its relationships to texture, surface
tension, and capillarity.
The learner will be able to apply the knowledge of
bulking to volume measurements of sand and water when batch mixing quality
concrete.
The learner will be able to define forces and
identify their effects.
The learner will be able to explain how tension,
compression, shear, and torsion differ.
The learner will be able to determine where
tension, compression, shear, and torsion are located in a structural beam
supported at both ends.
The learner will be able to recognize the
relationship between stress and strain.
The learner will be able to define loads.
The learner will be able to describe dead load,
live load, snow, and wind loads.
The learner will be able to locate tension,
compression, shear, and torsion forces in a free span structure, and
determine how these correlate with the identified failure points.
The learner will be able to explain heat treatment
of steel.
The learner will be able to define hardening,
annealing, stress relieving, normalizing, and tempering.
The learner will be able to evaluate the effects
in steel when heat treated.
The learner will be able to explain the Kinetic
Molecular Theory.
The learner will be able to describe the three
mechanisms of heat transfer.
The learner will be able to identify the sources
of thermal energy.
The learner will be able to justify the advantage
of solids compared to liquids or gases as a conductor.
The learner will be able to explain thermal
expansion, conductivity, and distortion.
The learner will be able to describe how thermal
conductivity and thermal expansion are related to distortion.
The learner will be able to evaluate how
distortion could be controlled during the welding process if thermal
conductivity and thermal expansion are understood.
The learner will be able to describe cooling
effects through the use of water or evaporation.
The learner will be able to determine the
relationship between air moisture, temperature, wind, and evaporative
cooling.
The learner will be able to discuss how psychrometric properties can be used to create and
manage microenvironments.
The learner will be able to explain conduction,
convection and radiation.
The learner will be able to describe heat
transfer/heat loss.
The learner will be able to determine the cost of
heating versus the cost of insulation.
The learner will be able to generate an
electromotive force by means of chemicals, magnetism, heat, and solar
radiation.
The learner will be able to construct a primary
cell and understand its function.
The learner will be able to explain the function
of a voltmeter and construct a voltmeter circuit, which is the same type as
used in commercial voltmeters.
The learner will be able to properly connect a
voltmeter to a circuit and measure voltage in a circuit.
The learner will be able to explain electricity
and how electricity flows along a complete circuit.
The learner will be able to describe the
components of a complete electrical circuit.
The learner will be able to explain the functions
of conductors and insulators and identify common conductors and insulators
used in agricultural facilities.
The learner will be able to explain series and
parallel circuits, the advantages and disadvantages of each, and how to
connect series and parallel circuits.
The learner will be able to determine voltages for
resistors in series and parallel circuits, and determine total current
flowing through series and parallel circuits.
The learner will be able to explain the
mathematical relationship that exists in circuits containing more than one
resistor and use Ohm’s law in calculating current, resistance, or voltage
for different circuits.
The learner will be able to define friction and
explain the types of friction that affect internal combustion engines.
The learner will be able to define viscosity as it
relates to single and multiviscosity lubricating
oils.
The learner will be able to explain the effects of
temperature on the viscosity of single and multiviscosity
oils.
The learner will be able to define synthetic oil
and explain its advantages and disadvantages compared to petroleum-based
oils.
The learner will be able to describe the
relationship of pressure and volume as it relates to gases.
The learner will be able to explain Boyle’s Law.
The learner will be able to explain Charles’ Law.
The learner will be able to create a mathematical
expression describing Boyle’s Law, Charles’ Law and the Combined Gas Law.
The learner will be able to discuss how knowledge
of Boyle’s Law and Charles’ Law are applied to do productive work using
pressure, volume, and temperature relationships.
The learner will be able to define force, torque,
work, power, and energy and explain their relationship to each other and
mechanical power transmission.
The learner will be able to determine the
relationship between diameter and number of teeth on a gear or sprocket and
the speed and torque of the gear or sprocket.
The learner will be able to apply the Law of
Conservation of Energy to power, torque, and speed relationships for
mechanical power transmission.
The learner will be able to identify the
components of a hydraulic system and explain its operation.
The learner will be able to determine the
efficiency of a hydraulic power system.
The learner will be able to calculate the actual
and ideal mechanical advantages of a hydraulic system.
The learner will be able to explain the common
uses of hydraulic systems on agricultural machines.
The learner will be able to define efficiency,
performance efficiency, mechanical efficiency, and field efficiency.
The learner will be able to identify theoretical
field capacity and effective field capacity and the relationship between them.
The learner will be able to identify how
efficiencies are determined and how efficiencies are used to size and
select machinery and equipment.
The learner will be able to define solar power as
an energy source.
The learner will be able to define wind power as
an energy source.
The learner will be able to define water power as
an energy source.
The learner will be able to define biomass as an
energy source.
The learner will be able to identify other
alternative sources of energy.
The learner will be able to explain how a sound
wave is produced and how it travels through air.
The learner will be able to describe the
relationship between volume and the amplitude of a sound wave.
The learner will be able to explain the Doppler
Effect and the reasons for poor sound quality in buildings.
The learner will be able to identify sources of
noise pollution and the means that can be used to control it.
The learner will be able to explain how sound
waves can be used to locate objects and uses of ultrasonicwaves.
The learner will be able to describe how light
travels and state the speed at which it travels in a vacuum.
The learner will be able to describe the processes
by which the direction of a light ray can be changed.
The learner will be able to compare the light rays
that emerge from a convex lens and concave lens and explain what is meant
by the focal length of a lens.
The learner will be able to describe the difference
between a real image and a virtual image and explain the properties of
images from plane mirrors.
The learner will be able to identify the types
(classes) of levers.
The learner will be able to determine the effects
of lever design on lifting power.
The learner will be able to explain the
relationship between levers and wheels.
The learner will be able to test the effectiveness
of various pulley designs.
The learner will be able to calculate the
mechanical advantage of an inclined plane.
The learner will be able to explain how nails
work.
The learner will be able to explain how screws
work.
The learner will be able to identify the two types
of loads on fasteners.
The learner will be able to define stability.
The learner will be able to explain the center of
gravity.
The learner will be able to calculate the center
of gravity.
The learner will be able to explain the purpose of
the pesticide label.
The learner will be able to identify the
information that should be included on the pesticide label.
The learner will be able to calculate recommended
concentrations/dilutions.
The learner will be able to calibrate low pressure
sprayers to achieve recommended application rates.
The learner will be able to describe the
calibration of high pressure sprayers.
The learner will be able to explain what chemical
processes are involved in rust formation.
The learner will be able to identify the factors
or conditions that intensify corrosion.
The learner will be able to explain how an
electrochemical process can be effective in removing rust.
The learner will be able to identify ways to
prevent metals from corroding.
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